Events in Mexican History

Events 1 - 200 of 253

• 1325-03-18 According to legend, Tenochtitlan is founded on this date on an island in what was then Lake Texcoco in the Valley of Mexico

Cortés Leaves Cuba for Mexico

1519-02-18 Hernán Cortés leaves Cuba for the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico with 11 ships and 500 men

• 1575-10-22 Foundation of Aguascalientes (one of 32 Federal Entities of Mexico)
• 1576-01-20 The Mexican city of León is founded by order of viceroy Don Martín Enríquez de Almansa
• 1593-10-24 Alleged teleportation of Spanish soldier Gil Perez from the Philippines to Mexico
• 1659-12-08 Mexican border town Ciudad Juárez is founded by Fray García de San Francisco.
• 1693-07-25 Ignacio de Maya founds the Real Santiago de las Sabinas, now known as Sabinas Hidalgo, Nuevo León, México
• 1790-12-17 Aztec calendar stone discovered in Mexico City
• 1792-06-21 British George Vancouver meets Spanish ships Sutil and Mexicana off Vancouver, British Columbia
• 1810-09-16 Mexico issues Grito de Dolores, calling for the end of Spanish rule (Mexican Independence Day)
• 1811-07-30 Father Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, leader of the Mexican insurgency, is executed after being found guilty of treason by the Spanish military in Chihuahua, Mexico
• 1813-11-06 Chilpancingo congress declares Mexico independent of Spain

Mexico Grants Austin Settlement

1821-01-17 Mexico permits Moses Austin and 300 US families to settle in Texas. After his death his son Stephen leads a colony to Texas.

Plan of Iguala

1821-02-24 Agustín de Iturbide and Vicente Guerrero agree to the Plan of Iguala. It stated that Mexico would become a constitutional monarchy, Roman Catholicism the official religion, and that both Peninsulares and Creoles would enjoy equal political and social rights.

• 1821-09-27 Mexican revolutionary forces led by Agustín de Iturbide occupy Mexico City as Spanish withdraw, bringing an end to the Mexican War of Independence
• 1822-01-05 Central America proclaims annexation to Mexican Empire
• 1822-07-25 General Agustin de Iturbide crowned Agustin I, 1st Emperor of Mexico
• 1822-12-12 Mexico officially recognized as an independent nation by US
• 1823-01-03 Stephen F. Austin receives a grant of land in Texas from the government of Mexico.
• 1823-07-01 United Provinces of Central America declares itself independent of Mexico and Spain
• 1824-10-04 Mexico becomes a republic
• 1826-12-16 Benjamin W. Edwards rides into Mexican controlled Nacogdoches, Texas and declares himself ruler of the Republic of Fredonia.
• 1829-08-25 President Jackson makes an offer to buy Texas, but Mexican government refuses
• 1834-01-03 The government of Mexico imprisons Stephen F. Austin in Mexico City.
• 1835-10-02 Battle of Gonzales fought between Texan settlers and Mexican forces. First engagement of the Texas revolution
• 1835-12-05 - 10th: Assault on Mexican-held San Antonio by Texan rebels

Battle of the Alamo

1836-03-06 Battle of the Alamo: After 13 days of fighting 1,500-3,000 Mexican soldiers overwhelm the Texan defenders, killing 182-257 Texans including William Travis, Jim Bowie and Davy Crockett

• 1836-04-21 Battle of San Jacinto, Texas wins independence from Mexico
• 1836-12-28 Spain recognizes the independence of Mexico
• 1837-10-01 "Racer's" Hurricane in the Gulf of Mexico
• 1838-11-30 Mexico declares war on France
• 1842-03-05 Over 500 Mexican troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas, briefly occupy San Antonio and then head back to the Rio Grande.
• 1845-03-28 Mexico drops diplomatic relations with US
• 1846-01-01 Yucatan declares independence from Mexico
• 1846-04-25 Thornton Affair: Open conflict begins over the disputed border of Texas, triggering the Mexican–American War
• 1846-05-03 Mexican Army begins the Siege of Fort Texas near Brownsville, Texas, during the Mexican–American War
• 1846-05-08 First major battle of the Mexican–American War fought at Palo Alto, Texas
• 1846-05-09 Battle of Resaca de la Palma-US sends Mexico back to Rio Grande

Congress Votes for War

1846-05-13 US Congress votes in favor of President James K. Polk’s request to declare war on Mexico over border disputes

• 1846-06-14 California (Bear Flag) Republic proclaimed in Sonoma, declaring independence from Mexico
• 1846-09-25 US troops under General Zachery Taylor occupy Monterey, Mexico, during Mexican–American War
• 1847-01-24 1,500 New Mexican Indians & Mexicans defeated by US Colonel Price
• 1847-02-22 Battle of Buena Vista begins between US and Mexican troops

Battle of Buena Vista

1847-02-23 Battle of Buena Vista, Mexico; Zachary Taylor leads mostly volunteer troops against larger Mexican Army force; Mexico retreats, both sides claim victory

• 1847-02-28 US forces numbering less than 1,000 defeat a larger Mexico force in the Battle of the Sacramento River
• 1847-03-07 US General Scott occupies Vera Cruz, Mexico
• 1847-03-29 12,000 US troops capture Vera Cruz, Mexico
• 1847-09-08 US under General Scott defeat Mexicans at Battle of Molino del Rey
• 1847-09-12 Mexican–American War: the Battle of Chapultepec begins
• 1847-09-13 Battle of Chapultepec: American forces capture Chapultepec Castle during the Mexican–American War allowing US General Winfield Scott to go on to take Mexico City
• 1847-09-14 US Marines under General Scott enter Mexico City (halls of Montezuma)
• 1848-04-18 American victory at the battle of Cerro Gordo opens the way for invasion of Mexico
• 1851-01-15 General Mariano Arista replaces Mexican President José Joaquín de Herrera
• 1854-01-18 Filibuster William Walker proclaims Republic of Sonora in NW Mexico
• 1854-07-13 In the Battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General Jose Maria Yanez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset Boulbon
• 1855-08-09 Battle of Acapulco during Mexican Liberal uprising
• 1857-09-16 Mexican constitution of force (fiercely attacked by Pope Pius IX)
• 1858-04-15 Battle of Azimghur, Mexicans defeat Spanish loyalists
• 1858-05-04 War of Reform (Mexico); Liberals establish capital at Vera Cruz
• 1859-03-18 Vera Cruz besieged by Miramon (Cons) in Mexican War of Reform
• 1859-04-06 US recognizes Liberal government in Mexico's War of Reform

• 1861-01-11 Mexico City captured by Juarez (Lib) in War of Reform
• 1862-05-05 French army intervenes in Puebla, Mexico: Cinco de Mayo
• 1862-07-27 Steamer "Golden Gate" burns and sinks off west coast of Mexico
• 1863-04-30 Mexican forces attacked the French Foreign Legion in Hacienda Camarón, Mexico.
• 1863-06-07 Mexico City captured by French troops

• 1864-05-29 Mexican Emperor Maximilian arrives at Vera Cruz
• 1867-01-11 Benito Juárez becomes Mexican president again
• 1867-03-12 Last French troops leave Mexico
• 1871-04-30 The Camp Grant Massacre of Apache Indians in Arizona Territory is committed by white and Mexican adventurers, 144 die
• 1874-09-03 The congress of the state of México elevates Naucalpan to the category of Villa, with the title of "Villa de Juárez"
• 1877-06-01 US troops authorized to pursue bandits into Mexico
• 1880-10-15 Mexican soldiers kill Victorio, one of the greatest Apache military strategists
• 1881-06-24 200 drown as train runs off bridge near Cuautla, Mexico
• 1889-07-11 Tijuana in Mexico becomes a city

Pact of Biak-na-Bato

1897-12-14 Emilio Aguinaldo signs the Pact of Biak-na-Bato, to end hostilities and dissolve his government, in exchange for amnesty and "$800,000 (Mexican)" as an indemnity

• 1900-12-01 Porfirio Díaz is inaugurated for his 6th consecutive term as President of Mexico
• 1901-02-02 Mexican government troops are ambushed by Yaqui Indians, 100 killed

US, Mexico Agree Arbitration

1902-05-22 US President Theodore Roosevelt signs a treaty with Mexico under which both countries agree to submit a long-standing dispute over interest payments to the Court of Arbitration at The Hague

• 1906-05-21 The US and Mexico sign an agreement over distribution of the waters of the Rio Grande, increasingly diverted to the US for irrigation
• 1907-11-07 Dynamite explodes on locomotive kills engineer Jesus Garcia in Mexico

• 1913-02-18 President Francisco Madero of Mexico is overthrown

• 1914-04-09 Tampico incident - US ship crew arrested in Mexico
• 1914-04-09 US President Woodrow Wilson refuses to recognize Victoriano Huerta as President of Mexico on the ground that the dictator has not been elected by the people
• 1914-04-11 Mexican President Victoriano Huerta breaks off diplomatic relations with the US
• 1914-04-20 US President W Wilson, having dispatched more naval ships to Mexico, asks a joint session of Congress to approve armed force if necessary; Congress approves
• 1914-04-21 US marines occupy Vera Cruz, a major Mexican port; they will stay for 6 months
• 1914-04-25 US President Woodrow Wilson is persuaded by Argentina, Brazil, and Chile to accept mediation in the conflict with Mexico
• 1914-07-15 Mexican President Victoriano Huerta flees with 2 million pesos to Europe
• 1914-08-05 Cuba, Uruguay, Mexico and Argentina proclaim neutrality in WW I
• 1914-08-16 Emiliano Zapata and Pancho Villa over run Mexico
• 1914-09-15 US Marines march out of Vera Cruz, Mexico
• 1914-11-23 The US Army withdraws from Mexico
• 1915-01-18 Train crashes at Colima-Guadalajara Mexico, about 600 die
• 1915-08-05 The Latin-American Conference Convenes in Washington, with representatives from leading South American nations joining the US to discuss conditions in Mexico
• 1916-03-09 Mexican General Francisco Pancho Villa invades the United States (18 killed)
• 1916-03-15 General Pershing and 15,000 troops chase Pancho Villa into Mexico
• 1916-06-17 US troops under General Pershing march into Mexico
• 1916-06-21 Mexican troops defeat US expeditionary force under General Pershing
• 1916-11-24 Mexican and US representatives sign a protocol at Atlantic City, under which Pershing's troops will withdraw and each nation's army will guard the border. President Carranza of Mexico will refuse to accept it
• 1917-01-31 Mexican President Carranza announces a new constitution with many liberal elements, most of which his regime is unable to implement

Pershing's Troops Leave Mexico

1917-02-05 The last of the American troops commanded by General John Pershing leave Mexico; President Carranza will be assassinated within the next year

• 1917-02-24 US Ambassador to Great Britain Walter Hines Page alerts President Woodrow Wilson of German plan to get Mexican help in WWI (Zimmermann telegram)
• 1917-02-28 AP reports Mexico & Japan will allie with Germany if US enters WW I
• 1917-03-03 Mexico and the USA renew diplomatic relations

Event of Interest

1920-05-20 Mexican President Venustiano Carranza, under attack by American petroleum companies, faces an armed rebellion by right-wing Sonoro triumvirate after nationalizing subsoil rights

On persecution of Church in Mexico

1926-11-18 Pope Pius XI encyclical On persecution of Church in Mexico

• 1927-01-13 US & Mexico battle over oil interests
• 1927-09-29 Telephone service begins between US & Mexico
• 1929-06-29 Mexico & Vatican sign Concord
• 1929-11-17 Pascual Ortiz Rubio elected president of Mexico
• 1933-06-21 1st Great Lakes-to-Gulf of Mexico barge trip completed, New Orleans
• 1934-07-02 General Lazaro Cardenas elected president of Mexico
• 1937-03-02 Mexico nationalizes oil
• 1938-03-18 President Cardena of Mexico nationalizes US & British oil companies
• 1942-04-01 Mexico changes from 3 time zones to 2
• 1942-05-22 Mexico declares war on Nazi-Germany & Japan
• 1943-02-20 New volcano Paracutin erupts in farmer's corn field (Mexico)
• 1943-03-08 Limited gambling legalized in Mexico
• 1944-07-20 Fifty are hurt in rioting in front of the presidential palace in Mexico City
• 1946-02-19 New York Giants outfielder Danny Gardella is 1st major leaguer to announce he is jumping to the "outlaw" Mexican Baseball League for a fee of $10,000
• 1952-09-13 Adolfo Ruiz Cortinez elected president of Mexico
• 1955-09-19 Hurricane Hilda, kills 200 in Mexico
• 1958-07-06 Adolfo López Mateos elected President of Mexico
• 1959-10-27 Rare Pacific hurricane kills 2,000 in Western Mexico
• 1960-05-06 Trotsky's murderer Jacques Mornard (Ramon Mercader) freed from prison after serving 19 years 8 months in Mexico

United Farm Workers

1962-09-30 Mexican-American labor leader César Chávez founds the United Farm Workers

Diverting the Rio Grande

1964-12-13 In El Paso, Texas, LBJ & Mexican President Gustavo Diaz Ordaz set off an explosion diverting Rio Grande, to reshape US-Mexico border

• 1966-09-24 -30] Hurricane Inez, kills 293 in the Caribbean, Florida & Mexico
• 1967-06-11 Mexico becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty
• 1967-09-05 -23] Hurricane Beuleah, kills 54 in the Caribbean, Mexico and Texas
• 1967-09-20 Hurricane Beulah hits Texas-Mexican border, kills 38
• 1968-10-02 Mexico City police fire on protesting students, 300-500 killed
• 1968-10-12 IXX Summer Olympic Games open at Mexico City, Mexico; first Olympics in Latin America
• 1969-02-08 Meteorite weighing over 1 ton falls in Chihuahua, Mexico

FIFA World Cup

1970-06-21 FIFA World Cup Final, Estadio Azteca, Mexico City: Brazil and Pelé become first team and player to win World Cup 3 times, beating Italy, 4-1 in front of 107,412

• 1970-12-01 Luis Echeverria Alvarez sworn in as president of Mexico

Mobster Returns

1971-07-21 American mobster Sam Giancana returns to the United States after spending seven years of exile in Mexico

• 1972-10-06 22-car train carrying 2,000 pilgrims derails, kills 208 in Mexico
• 1973-08-28 6.8 quake centered in Oaxaca State in Mexico kills 527
• 1975-10-21 Mexico City's 1st major subway accident takes 26 lives
• 1976-08-31 Mexican peso devalued
• 1977-07-07 12,000 police occupy university in Mexico City

Pope Convenes Puebla Conference

1979-01-28 Pope John Paul II addresses the Third General Conference of Latin American Episcopate in Puebla, Mexico

• 1979-05-25 Raul Gonzales of Mexico completes 50,000 m walk in record 3:41:38.4
• 1979-06-03 Ixtoc I rig in the Gulf of Mexico blows, spilling 3 million barrels of oil in one of the worst oil spills in history
• 1979-10-17 D Bautista of Mexico completes 20,000 m walk in record 1:20:06.8
• 1979-10-31 US DC-10 crashes at Mexico-City, 74 killed
• 1980-12-28 Mexico terminated fishing agreements with US
• 1981-04-04 Henry Cisneros becomes 1st Mexican-American mayor (San Antonio)
• 1982-07-04 Miguel de la Madrid Hurtado elected president of Mexico
• 1982-09-01 Mexico President Lopez Portillo nationalizes banks
• 1982-11-10 IMF lends Mexico $3.8 billion due to threatened bankruptcy
• 1982-12-01 Miguel de la Madrid inaugurated as President of Mexico
• 1984-11-19 Liquid gas tank in Mexico City explodes; 334 die
• 1985-03-05 Mexican authorities find the body of US drug agent Enrique "Kike" Camarena Salaazar
• 1985-09-19 8.1 earthquake in Mexico City kills an estimated 10,000 and leaves 250,000 homeless
• 1986-03-31 Mexicana Airlines Boeing 727 crashes, killing 167
• 1986-08-31 Aeromexico DC-9 & small plane collide in LA, killing 82 (15 on the ground)
• 1988-07-06 Carlos Salinas de Gortari elected President of Mexico
• 1989-08-18 Arturo Barrios of Mexico sets 10K record (27:08.23) in Berlin
• 1991-11-24 1st international flight from Long Island's MacArthur Airport (to Mexico)
• 1992-01-16 Chapultepec Peace Accords are signed in Mexico City which ends the 12-year Salvadoran Civil War
• 1992-04-22 Gas explodes in sewer, kills 200 in Guadalajara, Mexico
• 1992-08-12 Canada, Mexico, and the United States announce completion of negotiations for the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
• 1993-08-11 Pope John Paul II visits Mexico
• 1994-01-01 The Zapatista Army of National Liberation initiates twelve days of armed conflict in the Mexican State of Chiapas
• 1994-01-02 Battles between army & rebellious indians in South Mexico, kill 57
• 1994-03-14 Mexican banker and billionaire Alfredo Harp Helu kidnapped

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